My ALA Talk on Sexism and Kick-Butt Heroines
This is my best reconstruction of the talk I gave at ALA on Sunday. I’m sure I’m forgetting bits, but this should give you the gist of things…
I was originally thinking about just doing a Q&A for this. I like the informal approach, and normally I’d probably be sitting on the edge of the stage chatting with you all. But as I was driving down to Chicago, I started thinking about various incidents that have come up recently, and I decided that if ALA was going to be kind enough to give me a platform and a microphone, maybe there was a better way for me to take advantage of that.
The past few months have been pretty intense in parts of the science fiction and fantasy community. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America has been in the spotlight for a chain-mail bikini cover and a follow-up essay that dismissed complaints as the ravings of liberal fascist PC thought police. We have the former SFWA presidential candidate who accused a well-known black author of being an “ignorant half-savage.” Then last week, a well-known editor at one of the major SF/F publishing houses was outed for his history of sexual harassment.
The thing is, the blatant stuff is easy. It’s easy to focus on these instances of sexism and racism because they’re so obvious, and because they create a simple separation between us and them, between the heroes and the villains. But when we draw those lines, we tend to miss the larger picture.
These are systemic problems, not just individuals. They’re problems that show up in cover art, in award ballots, in which books get reviewed, in who shows up as the heroes in stories vs. the sidekicks, in token characters, and much more. In many cases, if not most, it’s an unconscious, unintentional problem.
So how do we respond to such a problem? Well, some of us choose to write long-winded rants online, or to contort ourselves into ridiculous cover poses. We can also speak up when we see these things happening, rather than turning away or accepting it because “it’s always been that way.” If you see someone who looks like they might be being harassed, say something. Offer them a casual escape from the conversation.
As a writer, I think one of our most powerful tools is our stories.
Take the story of the kick-butt heroine, a trope that’s become incredibly popular over the past decade or two. Now, I appreciate this trope — I’m a huge Buffy fan — and I’ve written this kind of character myself on multiple occasions. But there are ways in which it’s problematic. Sure, it’s incredibly satisfying to see the heroine physically whoop the harasser/abuser/etc. But when that’s the dominant story we’re sharing, aren’t we basically suggesting that it’s the women’s job to physically overpower and defeat their aggressors? As opposed to men learning to move beyond such behaviors, or to challenge such things when we see them?
The kick-but heroine is certainly one solution, but it’s one that puts responsibility on the victims, and by implication, puts the blame on those victims if for any reason they were unable to physically stop what’s essentially an ongoing culture of systemic sexism.
There are other stories and other characters we need to share. Stories that show men and women as equals. That show relationships built on respect. Stories that give us more than one token example per book of a strong female character. Stories that move away from narrowly defined roles.
And now is when I take a minute to talk about my own stuff. Lena Greenwood is my latest attempt to engage with the kick-butt heroine trope. She’s … well, without spoiling things, she’s also very problematic. In many ways, that was deliberate. But she’s not the only strong female in these books. You have Nidhi Shah, a psychiatrist with no magical abilities whatsoever. There’s Nicola Pallas, an autistic bard. Jeneta Aboderin is full of teenaged attitude, refusing to take crap from anyone. Not to mention the sarcastic bug-eating ex-librarian Deb DeGeorge. My hope is that each of these women has their own strengths and weaknesses, that they present different ways to be powerful.
I’m not saying kick-butt heroines are bad. Any time I talk about something like this, someone responds, “Why are you trying to censor us?” Just like with cover art — I’m not saying we should never have sexualized or semi-clad women (or men) on book covers. What I’m saying is that it would be awfully nice if we could broaden our portrayals.
I’ll wrap this up with a few recommendations of authors who, in my opinion, do this stuff well. Karen Lord is a fairly new author, but her first book blew me away, in part for Lord’s choice to step away from the well-trod tropes. Elizabeth Bear is another. Saladin Ahmed, who just won the Locus Award for his debut novel, presented us with an Arabic-based fantasy and an old, heavyset, somewhat grouchy man as the protagonist. Tobias Buckell. Nnedi Okorafor. Seanan McGuire. These are just a few of the authors working to move beyond the tropes.
And that’s my time. Thank you all for giving me the chance to talk about this with you.
#SFWApro
Lila
July 3, 2013 @ 3:09 pm
The other problem with the “kick-butt heroine” is that it re-emphasizes the idea that (physically) stronger = better. I.e. the world belongs to those who can beat up other people. Therefore it reinforces both sexism (because on average, men are bigger and stronger than women) and ableism. (See also the whole “fight for your honor” notion–if I can beat you up then RIGHT is on my side, right?)
Not many of us are ever going to have a problem to which the solution is “beat up the other guy” (even if we were able–I’m not!). I love escapism, but I also occasionally get my kicks watching someone use their brains, or their organizational ability, or their creativity, or the allies they’ve recruited, to solve a problem.
Suzanne Warr
July 3, 2013 @ 3:58 pm
Thank for bringing this up and giving it the attention you do. I sometimes teach women’s self defense classes, and it’s sad how hard it is for some girls to see themselves as strong if they don’t fit a ‘trope’ that reinforces it. I think that’s partly a cultural perception–that some girls can say no or speak up for themselves, but others can’t.
Daniela
July 3, 2013 @ 5:18 pm
I’ve always had a penchance for the kick-but-heroine partially because I’m was a tomboy myself and because I was lucky enough to read Tamora Pierce’s Alanna-books while a teenager (one of the first books I read back then that had a kick-but teenaged female heroine).
Yet on Buffy my favorite character was not Buffy or even Willow but Tara who was strong in a much quieter way. I would like to see more books about women like her, because she finds solutions that don’t involve physical strength (or in her case magical strength).
Hestia
July 3, 2013 @ 9:20 pm
@Daniela: My husband absolutely loves Tara and sometimes refers to the show as “Tara, the Vampire Slayer’s Friend.” 😉
Gregory Lynn
July 4, 2013 @ 12:54 am
Well since I wanted to respond to three comments, I’ll just post my own and to hell with making the nesting work out right.
@Lila–There was a video going around the tubes recently of a TED talk a guy gave about how he was bullied as a kid. He was a bit large and someone repeatedly called him Yogi. Well that someone threatened to beat him up or some such if the guy didn’t do the bully’s homework. The guy did the homework, but did it wrong and had the joy of reminding the bully that Yogi was smarter than the average bear.
@Daniela, @Hestia, and @JimHimself, I tend to refer to that series as the one with Willow’s sidekick.
But mostly I wanted to talk about Tara here because of something that happened when she was introduced. It was at the college wicca club meeting and Tara started to say something and was interrupted and whoever was running the meeting hushed everyone so Tara could talk.
The point I wanted to make is that when you do that, when you single someone out as requiring special treatment, you may or may not actually be helping, but if you are, you aren’t doing it as much as you think you are.
People are people, and should be treated that way.
That means that you don’t make a show of shushing people so the shy introverted girl can talk, you make a point of giving her the same space to talk that everyone else gets. You don’t point out that here’s an awesome woman writer, you point out that this here woman writes stories that rock. And when you’re setting up the seating for a talk, you put in space for wheelchairs not because they deserve to have the best seats, but because if you don’t, you’re almost certainly relegating them to the worst seats.
And it means when they offer criticism of your actions, you shut the bloody fuck up and listen, because as much as you try, you can’t crawl into their heads to get their perspective.
Muccamukk
July 4, 2013 @ 4:48 am
Saladin Ahmed also had two women as point of view characters. One kick ass teen, and one elderly scientist. Which I think is a nice illustration of how kick ass women work especially well when supported in the story by other kinds of women (and men).
nicoleandmaggie
July 4, 2013 @ 10:26 am
I think your best non-trope female characters, and the best combination of female characters, were in your short story, “School Spirit.”
Jim C. Hines
July 4, 2013 @ 10:27 am
Thank you 🙂
Jim C. Hines
July 4, 2013 @ 10:27 am
True! (It’s been a while since I read it, and I had forgotten the PoV switches.)
IT
July 4, 2013 @ 4:27 pm
I write a lot of different characters, and I think there’s a lot to be said for writing characters that are confident, powerful, and love what they do and what they’re good at as opposed to simply being strong. I have characters that are politicians, characters that are mothers, characters that are indeed knights, or mages, or assassins. It’s good, I think, to make it clear that a wealth of opportunities are available to the female characters, instead of trope or anti-trope. Don’t write ‘a female character’, write a person. That person can do any variety of things and be any range of things, including being a physically strong woman.
Abnoba
July 5, 2013 @ 6:36 pm
I love your blog but this is my first time writing something here. Usually, I absolutely agree with your posts, but not this time. This time I only agree mostly 🙂
I really hate every time that somebody says “female character X is useless, she can’t do anything” about a character that is interesting, has a lot of personality and is smart but is not an action girl. The conception that for a heroine to be interesting, she has to be fisically strong is not only stupid, is boring and lazy.Giving muscles to a character is easy, giving her a personality, not so much, so for a writer who wants to create a “strong” female, the action girl is the easiest way.
The problem is that there exist heroines with other kind of strengths: smart heroines, kind heroines, determined heroined, skilled heroines, the archer, the magician…They always existed: Alice, Dorothy, Penelope, Medea. And for a long, long time, there (almost) only was that kind of heroines. For men, there was lot of action heroes. For women, even when they were strong, they never were so strong as the male protagonist. And even today that the action girl is much more popular, their number is not so high. When somebody mentions the problems of women representation in media, there are people that say “oh, you should watch anime/ read manga. Japan had lots of strong woman even before it was a thing in the West”. My boyfriend and I love manga and anime, we have read or watch dozens of them. Some days ago we were trying to find any manga or anime with 3 characteristics:
-There was an important female character that was a action girl.
-The action girl was equally or almost equally strong than the male heroes.
-She was not obviously sexualized
We got two. Even in works intended for a female public, even when the female heroine was leading the story, the “strong action hero” was a male. And when there was a action girl as protagonist, she was used as a sexual object(panty shots, crotch shots, very big breasts, very little clothes…) There were lots of amazing female characters: interesting, complex, funny and well written. And some of the sexualized female characters were still good characters. But is still dissapointing that it’s so difficult in visual media to find and action girl that is a person, that is conceived like a normal character, and not an excuse to have meat in exhibition.
Sorry about the long rant and the broken English 🙂
Selki
July 7, 2013 @ 12:57 pm
I would love to see more protagonists who solve problems using creativity, organizational ability, and the help of allies! For a surprising example, the original *Dracula* uses land-sale research skills (Mina and Jonathan) to figure out where the Count has stashed some of his native earth (vital information!).
Gregory Lynn
July 8, 2013 @ 12:13 am
Selki, at the risk of being mercantile, I’d suggest you check out a novel called Realmgolds by a guy I know named Mike Reeves-McMillan. It’s the first in his Gryphon Clerks series, the point of which is to follow a bunch of heroic civil servants.
Female Heroines and Sexual Harassment
August 18, 2013 @ 1:16 pm
[…] a couple of months ago, Hines wrote a fascinating post on “sexism and kick-butt heroines.” Here is an […]