Quotas in the ToC
I came across a post yesterday telling folks who complain about the lack of gender/racial/etc. balance in anthologies and ‘zines to shut the hell up. The author has since removed the post and apologized, but the whole thing got me thinking and trying to understand where this reaction comes from.
So imagine you’re a reader, and you’re enjoying your copy of The Year in Zombies, Volume XCVIII, when someone goes online and complains that of the 20 stories in that anthology, only 2 were written by women, and 19 of the authors are white. Others join in the now-familiar chorus of racism and sexism. But … you were enjoying the anthology! The editor picked good stories!
I can understand feeling defensive. If you like the book, does that mean these people are accusing you of being racist or sexist? It probably feels that way. You might start to wonder what they want to do to fix the problem. How many women writers would it take to make this book acceptable? How many writers of color have to be added to quiet the anger?
But then, who gets cut out of the book? Does appeasing the anger mean removing that awesome steampunk zombie tale from Whitey McHairychest? Would we lose that delightful alternate history squid zombie story from Paleface Manlyparts? More importantly, would these great stories be excluded from the book purely based on the race or gender of the author? Not cool, angry internet mob! We want good stories, period. Choosing stories based on race, gender, sexuality, and so on is bull!
I agree. But I think the problem is that we’re already choosing stories based on these factors–that we’ve been doing it for decades. When I complain about the latest Mammoth Manthology of Manly SF, I’m not saying I want a quota system to ensure equal representation. I’m saying I’m tired of the quota that already exists–the one that seems to require a majority of white men in so many ToCs.
Yes, editors should pick the best stories. But if some editors are consistently choosing stories by mostly white and/or male authors, what does this mean? Should we assume that women and nonwhite authors just aren’t good writers? Or does it mean these editors are deliberately and maliciously trying to keep the White Man in power?
I don’t buy either explanation. Sure, there are sexist idiots out there, but I believe most editors choose stories they enjoy, based on what they’ve read.
Looking at my own reading growing up, I read mostly books by white authors. I never deliberately tried to exclude nonwhite writers from my bookshelves; I just read what I was exposed to, and what I enjoyed. Good books all, and if you asked me who my favorite authors were, I’d have given you a list of mostly white folks.
It takes deliberate effort to read outside your learned comfort zone. It takes zero effort to sit back and perpetuate the trend of a certain privileged minority of writers dominating the genre.
If you tell me editors can only buy the stories that are submitted, and only white men are submitting to you for your project, then I’ve got to ask why that is. Places like Strange Horizons and Fantasy Magazine have made conscious efforts to broaden their range of authors, and that’s paid off. Why do you think these other authors are avoiding you and your publication?
I don’t see anyone asking for quotas. Nobody’s saying good stories by white men should be excluded in order to allow minorities into the table of contents. I think the anger comes when good stories by those authors continue to be excluded because some editors don’t make the effort to look beyond work by white men.
Discussion welcome, as always.
Jenn S.
October 13, 2009 @ 11:48 am
Hey sometimes a cigar is…well, I’m sure you know the rest.
My prime example is P.N. Elrod, one of my favorite “vampire” novelists. For years, when I first started reading her, I had no idea if she was male or female. The author blurbs were very ambiguous. Did I really care? No. A good story is a good story no matter what your plumbing looks like.
I’m not saying that there isn’t a clear inequality, but I think some people might be getting blamed when possibly the pool of good stories is just really skewed towards white males? Seriously, if 8 out of 10 submissions are caucasian men, are you supposed to hold up the book for more ethnic/female stories to come in?
And if I was an author, I wouldn’t want my story chosen for an anthology just because I have boobies. I want to be chosen because my story was entertaining and found worthy of the theme.
Steve Buchheit
October 13, 2009 @ 1:50 pm
I think it’s more of the “you’ve been running on auto for too long, time to think about it” problem. And it ends up being a self-killing cycle. The editors should pick the best stories for their markets, but they should also think about the biases they bring to the table and see if continuing down that path is the best for their market. Is publishing stories from, by, about, and sold to Manfred McWhitey the best business course? If it is, accept it, embrace it, and move on. If not, well then maybe a more conscious effort to expand the resource pool might be the best idea (see SH and Fantasy Magazine).
For me the world has always been diverse, so my fiction reflects that. As Kurt Vonegut said in Slaughterhouse 5, “Most of SF is about Americans in space, but in the real world there are very few Americans.” But I do find writing from the female side of the POV is still too difficult for me, so I tend not to. But once I get that skill, I will certainly use it.
C.A. Young
October 13, 2009 @ 5:30 pm
Replying to Jenn S. here, though it’s a thought I think people should think more often.
If the pool is the problem, then the market needs to actively solicit more broadly. As a queer person, I’m aware of markets that don’t welcome stories about people like me, or at least never seem to publish them. I’m also aware of markets that are actively LGBTQ friendly, run by people like me or allies, and who openly publish those stories.
Am I more likely to feel good feelings toward and choose to write for calls from those markets? Will I find them more approachable at conventions? Am I more likely to sit in a bar and network with one of them than with someone who clearly doesn’t have my best interests at heart?
You betcha.
So, you know, outreach and PR are just as key to breaking that cycle as minority folk having the audacity to try and get into those markets.
Fran Friel
October 14, 2009 @ 9:16 am
Responding to Jenn S. – The fact that P.N. Elrod used her initials rather than her full name may be saying a lot about this subject.